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Peptide profile · Cosmetic

Copper peptides (GHK-Cu)

A copper-binding tripeptide used in cosmetic skincare formulations. Regulated as a cosmetic ingredient rather than a medicine; evidence is mostly small studies and laboratory work.

Cosmetic
GradeCLimited (early human data)
Last reviewed 2026-07-11Updated 2026-08-02

Quick facts

Classification
Copper-binding tripeptide (cosmetic ingredient)
Target / mechanism
Extracellular matrix signalling; copper transport (proposed)
Development status
Marketed cosmetic ingredient
Regulatory status
Cosmetic
Evidence level
Limited (early human data)
Therapeutic area
Dermatology / cosmetic
Route / formulation
Topical serums, creams, and formulations

Also referred to as · GHK-Cu

What it is

GHK-Cu is a short peptide complexed with copper, used topically in cosmetic products. Cosmetic regulation addresses safety of the ingredient in use, not proof of therapeutic benefit.

How it works

Laboratory studies describe effects on collagen and glycosaminoglycan synthesis and on wound-repair gene expression. Skin penetration and clinically meaningful outcomes at cosmetic concentrations are less well established.

What it has been studied for

  • Appearance of fine lines and skin firmness in small cosmetic studies
  • Wound-healing models in laboratory research

Safety and side effects

Topical use is generally well tolerated in cosmetic studies; irritation and contact sensitisation are the main reported issues.

Warnings and contraindications

Cosmetic products may not claim to treat disease. Claims of collagen 'regeneration' or anti-ageing reversal go beyond the available evidence.
Injectable use of cosmetic peptides is not an approved route and is not supported by evidence.

Compounded / research status

Regulated as a cosmetic ingredient in most markets. Cosmetic status means no premarket efficacy review.

Investigational uses

Dermatologic and wound-care applications remain research topics rather than approved uses.

Frequently asked questions

References

  • Cosmetic ingredient safety assessmentsCosmetic Ingredient Review
  • GHK-Cu dermatology studiesPeer-reviewed scientific literature

Reference entries are editorial placeholders describing source type and origin. Primary documents are linked as each profile is expanded.

Editorial disclaimer

This site is educational and does not provide medical advice, dosing protocols, or treatment recommendations. Regulatory status and evidence strength differ sharply between compounds. A “research use only” label does not indicate that a product is appropriate for human use. Decisions about medicines belong with a qualified clinician.
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